Certified Professional in Learning and Performance (CPLP) 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The factor that most affects the generalizability of a research study's results is sampling. Generalizability refers to the extent to which findings from a study can be applied to settings, populations, or circumstances beyond the specific cases examined. The way participants are selected for the study—through sampling—plays a crucial role in determining whether the results can be extrapolated to a broader context.

When a sample accurately represents the target population, the findings are more likely to be applicable to that population as a whole. This involves using techniques that avoid biases and ensure that a diverse range of subjects is included, thus reflecting the characteristics of the larger population. If the sample is too homogenous or not representative, then the results may only be valid for that particular group and not for the wider population.

While other factors like instrumentation, dissemination method, and target population size do influence the study's outcomes and impact, they do not have as direct an effect on generalizability as sampling does. Instrumentation refers to the tools and measures used in the study, and while appropriate instrumentation is essential for collecting valid data, it does not determine how broadly those results can be applied. Similarly, the method of dissemination affects how results are shared, but again, doesn't address the broader